畸变是光学系统中实际成像位置与理想高斯成像位置的偏差，其中畸变有空间型和热效应型两种。空间畸变包括枕形和桶形图像失真；热畸变指激光照射下材料受热膨胀导致光学元件形变、光束传播特性（如发散角）改变的现象，包括热透镜效应。
| 标准号 & 类别 | 标准名称 | 发布 |
|---|---|---|
| BS ISO 9039:2008 试验 |
Optics and photonics. Quality evaluation of optical systems. Determination of distortion
参考平面 |
2008-03-31 英国标准学会 |
| DIN 19045-7:1996 试验 |
Projection of still and motion-pictures - Measuring methods for the determination of imaging properties of slide projectors
|
1996-11 德国标准化学会 |
| DIN ISO 9039:2008 试验 |
光学和光子学.光学美利体育官网首页网址的质量评估.失真的测定 Optics and photonics - Quality evaluation of optical systems - Determination of distortion (ISO 9039:2008)
光学系统 |
2008-08 德国标准化学会 |
| DIN ISO 9039:2008-08 试验 |
Optics and photonics - Quality evaluation of optical systems - Determination of distortion (ISO 9039:2008)
参考平面 |
2008-08 德国标准化学会 |
| ISO 9039:2008 试验 |
Optics and photonics - Quality evaluation of optical systems - Determination of distortion
参考平面 |
2008-02 国际标准化组织 |
| ISO/TR 22588:2005 指南标准 |
光学和光子学.激光和激光相关美利体育官网首页网址.激光光学元件感应吸收效应的测量和评估 Optics and photonics - Lasers and laser-related equipment - Measurement and evaluation of absorption-induced effects in laser optical components
双折射 吸收 |
2005-09 国际标准化组织 |
| JB/T 8491.2-2008 规范 |
Technical requirement heat treatment for machine tool parts. Part 2: Quenching and tempering
回火 淬火 |
2008-06-04 行业标准-机械 |
| JB/T 8491.4-2008 规范 |
Technical requirement heat treatment for machine tool parts. Part 4: carburizing or carbonitriding and quenching and tempering
硬化层深度 |
2008-06-04 行业标准-机械 |
| JB/T 8491.5-2008 规范 |
Technical requirement heat treatment for machine tool parts.Part 5: Nitriding and nitrocarburzong
氮碳共渗 渗氮 |
2008-06-04 行业标准-机械 |
| PD ISO/TR 22588:2005 指南标准 |
光学和光子学 激光及激光相关美利体育官网首页网址 激光光学元件中吸收引起的效应的测量和评估 Optics and photonics. Laser and laser-related equipment. Measurement and evaluation of absorption-induced effects in laser optical components
双折射 吸收 |
2006-01-09 英国标准学会 |
| SIS-ISO/TR 22588:2005 指南标准 |
光学和光子学 激光和激光相关美利体育官网首页网址 激光光学元件吸收效应的测量和评估 Optics and photonics - Lasers and laser-related equipment - Measurement and evaluation of absorption-induced effects in laser optical components
双折射 吸收 |
2005 瑞典标准研究所 |
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